Journal: Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease

Article Title: Interleukin‐37 and Dendritic Cells Treated With Interleukin‐37 Plus Troponin I Ameliorate Cardiac Remodeling After Myocardial Infarction

doi: 10.1161/JAHA.116.004406

Figure Lengend Snippet: Interleukin (IL)–37 reduces myocardial infarct size and improves left ventricular function following myocardial infarction (MI). A, Survival analysis in PBS ‐treated and IL ‐37–treated mice after MI . B, Infarct size determined by 2, 3, 5‐triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining of sections on day 1 post‐ MI ( PBS ‐treated group n=6 and IL ‐37–treated group n=8). C, Representative M‐mode echocardiography images of the left ventricle on day 28 post‐ MI . Left ventricular end‐diastolic dimension (LVEDD), left ventricular end‐systolic dimension (LVESD), ejection fraction (EF%), and fractional shortening (FS%) on day 7 (D) and day 28 (E) post‐ MI (Sham n=6, PBS ‐treated group n=6, and IL ‐37‐treated group n=8). * P <0.05 and ** P <0.01.

Article Snippet: The groups were as follows: (1) the sham group (sham), in which C57BL/6 mice were subjected to sham operation; (2) the recombinant human IL‐37 (Adipogen AG, Liestal, Switzerland) treatment group (IL‐37+MI); and (3) the PBS treatment group (PBS+MI), in which the mice were injected intraperitoneally with 1 μg of recombinant human IL‐37 diluted in 200 μL PBS or with 200 μL PBS only, respectively, 15 minutes prior to MI or 24 hours after MI.

Techniques: Staining

Journal: Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease

Article Title: Interleukin‐37 and Dendritic Cells Treated With Interleukin‐37 Plus Troponin I Ameliorate Cardiac Remodeling After Myocardial Infarction

doi: 10.1161/JAHA.116.004406

Figure Lengend Snippet: Interleukin (IL)–37 inhibited cardiomyocyte apoptosis in vivo. A, Representative images of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick‐end labeling (TUNEL)–stained heart sections from different groups 1 day and 28 days post–myocardial infarction ( MI ). TUNEL (green) and 4, 6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole (blue) staining of nuclei in apoptotic cardiomyocytes (red) in the peri‐infarct zone. B, Quantitative analysis of the percentages of TUNEL ‐positive nuclei (n=6). Scale bar: 100 μm. ** P <0.01.

Article Snippet: The groups were as follows: (1) the sham group (sham), in which C57BL/6 mice were subjected to sham operation; (2) the recombinant human IL‐37 (Adipogen AG, Liestal, Switzerland) treatment group (IL‐37+MI); and (3) the PBS treatment group (PBS+MI), in which the mice were injected intraperitoneally with 1 μg of recombinant human IL‐37 diluted in 200 μL PBS or with 200 μL PBS only, respectively, 15 minutes prior to MI or 24 hours after MI.

Techniques: In Vivo, TUNEL Assay, Staining

Journal: Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease

Article Title: Interleukin‐37 and Dendritic Cells Treated With Interleukin‐37 Plus Troponin I Ameliorate Cardiac Remodeling After Myocardial Infarction

doi: 10.1161/JAHA.116.004406

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of interleukin (IL)–37 on regulatory T cells (Tregs), T helper (Th)1, and Th17 cells in spleens of C57 BL /6 mice on day 7 after myocardial infarction (MI). A, CD 4 + T‐cell subsets were gated, and representative images of Tregs, Th1, and Th17 cells are shown. B, Results of statistical analysis of average percentages of Tregs, Th1, and Th17 cells. C, Absolute numbers of Tregs, Th1, and Th17 cells were counted in the spleen. n=6 per group. APC indicates activated protein C; FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate. ** P <0.01 vs sham and ## P <0.01 vs PBS + MI .

Article Snippet: The groups were as follows: (1) the sham group (sham), in which C57BL/6 mice were subjected to sham operation; (2) the recombinant human IL‐37 (Adipogen AG, Liestal, Switzerland) treatment group (IL‐37+MI); and (3) the PBS treatment group (PBS+MI), in which the mice were injected intraperitoneally with 1 μg of recombinant human IL‐37 diluted in 200 μL PBS or with 200 μL PBS only, respectively, 15 minutes prior to MI or 24 hours after MI.

Techniques:

Journal: Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease

Article Title: Interleukin‐37 and Dendritic Cells Treated With Interleukin‐37 Plus Troponin I Ameliorate Cardiac Remodeling After Myocardial Infarction

doi: 10.1161/JAHA.116.004406

Figure Lengend Snippet: Interleukin (IL)–37 plus troponin I (TnI)–treated dendritic cells (DCs) display tolerogenic properties. A, Bone marrow–derived DCs (2×10 5 cells/well) were cultured in the absence of stimulus (immature DC s [im DC s]) or in the presence of 1 μg/mL lipopolysaccharide (LPS) ( mature DCs [mDC s]) or 10 ng/mL LPS , 30 ng/mL IL ‐37, and 1 μg/mL TnIk ( tolerogenic DCs [tDC s]). DCs were stained with isotype control antibodies or with specific antibodies against major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC‐II), CD 40, and CD 86 and analyzed by fluorescence‐activated cell sorting. B, Mean fluorescence intensities (MFIs) for MHC ‐ II , CD 40, and CD 86 were quantified. C, Analysis of the mRNA levels of IL ‐10, transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β), indolamine 2, 3‐dioxygenase (IDO), interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ), and IL ‐12 in different DC s groups. n=6 per group. ** P <0.01.

Article Snippet: The groups were as follows: (1) the sham group (sham), in which C57BL/6 mice were subjected to sham operation; (2) the recombinant human IL‐37 (Adipogen AG, Liestal, Switzerland) treatment group (IL‐37+MI); and (3) the PBS treatment group (PBS+MI), in which the mice were injected intraperitoneally with 1 μg of recombinant human IL‐37 diluted in 200 μL PBS or with 200 μL PBS only, respectively, 15 minutes prior to MI or 24 hours after MI.

Techniques: Derivative Assay, Cell Culture, Staining, Fluorescence, FACS

Journal: Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease

Article Title: Interleukin‐37 and Dendritic Cells Treated With Interleukin‐37 Plus Troponin I Ameliorate Cardiac Remodeling After Myocardial Infarction

doi: 10.1161/JAHA.116.004406

Figure Lengend Snippet: Inflammatory cells infiltration and cytokines expression in the infarcted heart after treatment with interleukin ( IL )‐37 or tolerogenic dendritic cells (tDCs) 24 hours post–myocardial infarction (MI). A, Representative images of infiltration of myeloperoxidase (MPO + ) neutrophils, mouse CD 107b (Mac3 + ) macrophages, and CD 3 + T cells in the border area of the infarct hearts. Images for neutrophils and macrophages are from day 3 after MI , and images for T cells are from day 7 post‐ MI . B, Infiltration of neutrophils, macrophages, and T cells were compared between the different groups. C, Analysis of mRNA levels of tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) and IL ‐10 on day 7 after MI . Data are depicted as fold changes vs PBS + MI . n=5 per group. Scale bar: 100 μm. ** P <0.01 vs PBS + MI .

Article Snippet: The groups were as follows: (1) the sham group (sham), in which C57BL/6 mice were subjected to sham operation; (2) the recombinant human IL‐37 (Adipogen AG, Liestal, Switzerland) treatment group (IL‐37+MI); and (3) the PBS treatment group (PBS+MI), in which the mice were injected intraperitoneally with 1 μg of recombinant human IL‐37 diluted in 200 μL PBS or with 200 μL PBS only, respectively, 15 minutes prior to MI or 24 hours after MI.

Techniques: Expressing